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Two-dimensional mapping of university profiles in research
There are size-leveling indexes used to demonstrate profiling of entities in different fields, such as the Activity Index (AI) or the Index of Relative Specialization (RESP). Concentrating on the RESP, we consider German state universities as entities and their academic disciplines as fields. While it is common to illustrate several RESP values concurrently using heatmaps, we show that an interpretation of such heatmaps without further information can be misleading. Therefore, we introduce a weight for each RESP value that represents the fraction of a field at a university. Those weights correspond to RESP values that are uniquely identifiable by field and university, resulting in tuples of RESP values and their weights. We introduce a new kind of heatmap that not only illustrates RESP values but represents their corresponding weights. Those new heatmaps are less misleading than classical ones. Our introduction of a new class of heatmaps improves heatmap representation, especially for longitudinal RESP data without the need for additional tables to show the extra information.
Fuchs, J.E., Heinze T. Two-dimensional mapping of university profiles in research (2022).
Wie hat sich die Mathematik in Deutschland zwischen den Jahren 1920 und 1960 unter dem Eindruck politischer Umbrüche entwickelt? Dieser zentralen Frage gehen die beiden Professoren Dr. Volker Remmert und Dr. Thomas Heinze an der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal in einem gemeinsamen neuen Projekt nach. Von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) erhalten sie dafür insgesamt 650.000 Euro Förderung.
Hier geht es zur Pressemitteilung der BUW.
This paper examines the distribution of Nobel laureates in Physiology/Medicine, Physics, and Chemistry across countries and research organizations. We provide basic information about where future laureates received their education and/or conducted their research, then present heat maps depicting country and organizational specialization patterns. In addition, we identify the organizational ultra-elite in science: universities and research institutes that show continuously above-average numbers of future laureates, typically in one career phase. Furthermore, we identify those universities and research institutes that have undergone considerable growth (or decline) in their capabilities for highly innovative research. Also, we compare country-specific profiles with those at the organizational level. Our findings are interpreted in the light of findings from comparative-historical studies.
Heinze, T., Fuchs, J.E. National and organizational patterns of Nobel laureate careers in physiology/medicine, physics, and chemistry. Scientometrics (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-04250-0
Conference contribution to the 10. EU-SPRI conference (10.6.2021)
Arlette Jappe and Thomas Heinze have contributed a paper to the 10. conference of the "European Forum for Studies of Policies for Research and Innovation" (EU-SPRI), 10.-11.6.2021. Title and abstract follow here.
Effects of funding on the stratification of universities. Comparing Europe with the United States
Abstract: This paper argues that stratified structures in university systems should be addressed more explicitly in debates on research funding in the context of higher education (HE). Is a steeply stratified academic system with a stable set of distinguished elite institutions the best answer to the growing demand for knowledge in democratic and globalized societies? The paper connects findings from three streams of literature: (a) network analysis in quantitative science studies, (b) resource concentration in the US-American HE system, and (c) research to construct and analyse a common database for European higher education institutions (HEIs). The literature on US-American research universities reveals a crystalline hierarchy with intense competition for scientific talent at the top but little opportunity for upward institutional and personal mobility. We conclude that while there seem to be large cumulative advantages in terms of research output and prestige to be gained by differentiating a segment of outstanding elite organizations, rich-core ordering as characteristic of the US-American system also presents challenges for the role of science in liberal democracies: intellectual closure through control of faculty positions by a small number of central HEIs, and social closure through a failure to significantly expand the supply of the best research-based education to meet increasing demand.
Conference contribution to the 16. annual conference of the GfHf (16.9.2021)
Arlette Jappe and Thomas Heinze have contributed a paper to the 16. annual conference of the "Gesellschaft für Hochschulforschung" (GfHf), 16.-17.9.2021. Title and abstract follow here.
Professionalität bibliometrischer Forschungsevaluation am Beispiel der Niederlande und Italien
Abstract: Der Vortrag beschreibt die Konstruktion und Verwendung bibliometrischer Information in der Evaluation der universitären Forschung in den Niederlanden und Italien. Die Auswahl dieser beiden Fälle basiert auf einer umfangreichen Meta-Analyse der bibliometrischen Evaluationspraxis in Europa im Zeitraum 2005-2019, in der untersucht wurde, welche Methoden als de-facto Standards der bibliometrischen Qualitätsmessung gelten können und welche sozialen Akteure diese Standards definiert haben. Über die Methoden der bibliometrischen Informationsgewinnung hinaus behandelt der Vortrag auch die Frage von systematischen Steuerungswirkungen, die im institutionellen Design der jeweiligen Hochschulevaluationsverfahren angelegt sind. Unsere These lautet, dass die Niederlande und Italien als entgegengesetzte Fälle gelten können, sowohl was die Professionsentwicklung der evaluativen Bibliometrie, als auch was den Respekt für die Hochschulautonomie im Rahmen des regelmäßig wiederkehrenden Evaluationsverfahrens angeht. Akteure der deutschen Hochschulforschung und -politik können aus dem Vergleich dieser beiden europäischen Nachbarländer lernen, wie bibliometrische Daten zur Unterstützung der Qualitätsentwicklung der universitären Forschung erfolgreich eingesetzt werden können und welche Probleme bei einer zu starren Institutionalisierung von Evaluationsverfahren auftreten können.
ISSI 2021 - 18th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics
Thomas Heinze and Joel E. Fuchs contributed two paper and one poster to the 18. conference of the International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics (ISSI), 12.-15.7.2021.
Fuchs, J.E., Heinze, T. (2021): Two-Dimensional Mapping of University Profiles in Research. ISSI2021: 18th International Conference on Scientometrics & Informetrics, KU Leuven, Belgium, 12–15 July 2021, pp. 425-434.
Heinze, T., Fuchs, J.E. (2021): National and Organizational Patterns of Nobel Laureate Careers in Physiology/Medicine, Physics and Chemistry. ISSI2021: 18th International Conference on Scientometrics & Informetrics, KU Leuven, Belgium, 12–15 July 2021, pp. 517-526.
Fuchs, J.E. (2021): The three-dimensional activity index. ISSI2021: 18th International Conference on Scientometrics & Informetrics, KU Leuven, Belgium, 12–15 July 2021, pp. 1474-1475.
New Paper published:
Jappe, A., Heinze, T. (2020): Jurisdiction of Bibliometrics, pp. 91-98 in: Ball, R. (Ed.): Handbook Bibliometrics. Berlin/Boston: DeGruyter.
New Paper published:
Heinze, T., Jappe, A., Tunger, D., Fuchs, J.E., Eberhardt, P. (2020). Universitäten mit Profil. Umfassende Daten zu Forschungs- und Lehrprofilen deutscher Universitäten frei zugänglich verfübgar. Wissenschaftsmanagement 26: 26-30.
